Expansible chamber motor or compressor with longitudinal shaft and angularly inclined pistons geared thereto



April 29, 1947. SEJARTO 2,419,600

EXPANSIBLE CHAMBER MOTOR OR COMPRESSOR WITH LONGITUDINAL SHAFT ANO ANGULARLY INOLINED PIsToNs. GEARED THERETO EXPANSIBLE CHAMBER-MOTOR OR COMPRESSOR WITH LONGITUDINAL SHAFT AND ANGULARLY INCLINED PISTONS GEARED THERETO Filed Dec. 30, 1944 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 April 29, '1947. SEJARTO' 2,419,600

d?! iwf i? la af j la T y j l u 54 Z4 Q J6 Il if E t if ,l Q z L i i j- .5.5 I 3451 I i .3f .za/2;, 36 fz 52 J5 A ff-lll l j@ 4l i9 INVENTOR Ten-M l.. sEJA'RTo April 29, 1947.

EXPANSIBLE CHAMBER MOTOR OR COMPRESSOR WITH LONGITUDINAL SHAFT AND ANGULARLY INCLINED PISTONS GEARED THERETO Filed Dec. 50, 1944 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 INVENTOR ZL- .57m/.

April 29, 1947. L. SEJARTO l 2,419,600

EXPANSIBLE CHAMBER MOTOR OR COMPRESSOR WITH LONGITUDINAL SHAFT AND ANGULARLY INCLINED PISTONS GEARED THERETO Filed Deo. 30, 1944 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 INVENTOR Patented pr. 29, 1947 EXPANSIBLE CHAMBER MOTOR R COM- PRESSOR WITH LONGITUDINAL SHAFT AND GEARED THERETO Lester Sejarto, Richmond Hill, N. Y. H

Application December 30, 1944, Serial No. 570,525

11 Claims.

1 This invention relates to multiple-cylinder motors of the pressure fluid actuated type. An object of the invention is to provide a motor particularly suitable for operating a machine tool by direct connection to the chuck shaft thereof,

The invention is particularly applicable toapparatus for transmitting and controlling power such 'as that shown in my copending application, Serial No. 541,612, filed June 22, 1944, in which a machine tool is driven by a pressure fluid motor which in turn is powered by the output of a compressor, preferably of like construction, driven by an electric motor. In such an apparatus an object of this invention is to provide a superior pressure fluid motor equally adaptable for use as a compressor in the system.

It is desirable that such a motor be comparatively small, light in weight, and not cumbersome, but readily movable with the head of the machine When the latter is manipulated during the performance of Work.

A particular advantage of the construction shown and described herein resides in the aforesaid adaptability of the motor for alternate use as a compressor, because of the close grouping of the upper ends of the cylinders around the centrally located rotary timing valve. This arrangement providesV close clearance between thetop of the cylinders andthe valve, with relatively short intervening ports leading to the interior of the valve, and because of the restricted area of such v necessary ports and other passageways through gearedto operate the drive shaft, thus providing ANGULARLY INCLINED PISTONS for spaced bearings to rigidly support the crank shafts, and for proper clearance between adjacent drive gears on the crank shafts, all withinvthe limits of the major diameter of the cylinder block. A further advantage of the aforesaid cylinder arrangement is characterized by a consequent reduction in the diameter of the rotary valve, which not only provides for the desirably smaller internal areas, but affords lessened frictional resistance between contacting surfaces because they are -proportionally less extensive.

The invention consists of novel features of construction and parts for carrying out the above objects and advantages as will be more fully described hereinafter and pointed out in the` appended claims. Y

An embodiment of the invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings forming a part of this specification, and in which drawings-l Fig. 1 is a central vertical section showingfthe improved motor construction, the plane of the section through the rotary timing valve correspending to line A-A of Fig. 8.

Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the motor on a reduced scale. p

Fig. 3 is a plan view of the same.

Fig. 4 is a horizontal section on the line 4 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 5 is a side elevation of a part of the structure utilized for supporting the bearings of the main shaft and crank shafts of the motor.

Fig. 6 is a plan view of the same.

Fig. 7 is a fragmentary detail vertical section on the line 1-1 of Fig. 3.

Fig. 8 is a horizontal detail section on the line 8-8 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 9 is a plan View of the rotary timing valve of the motor.

Fig. 10 is a fragmentary detail vertical section on the line I0--I0 of Fig. 4.

Fig. 11 is a plan view of the motor with the head member and valve removed, and,

Fig. 12 is a similar View but showing the valve in section and in an advanced position of degrees beyond the position shown in Figs. 1 and 8. and corresponding to that of Fig. 10.

Referring to Fig. 1 of the drawings, the motor l0 consists generally of a hollow supporting sleeve H provided at its upper extremity with an rvan- Anular flange l2; a bearing supporting frame member I3 having an annular base flange I4 secured to flange I2; a cylinder block l5 secured to the top of frame member I3; and a head member I6 secured to the top of block I5.

Sleeve is shown broken away, but it may be suitably fashioned for securing the motor I9 to the movable head of a machine tool equipped with the usual chuck for holding a tool, such as a milling cutter, or otherwise as may be desired. A central drive shaft Il is journaled in spaced bearings Il" and I'I" respectively positioned at the top and bottom of frame member I3; Cylinder block Iy is bored to provide four longitudinally disposed cylinders 25 which are equally spaced apart about the vertical axis of said block, and with their axes inclined so as to converge upwardly toward the rotary valve indicated at 2|. Thus the cylinders are substantially longitudinally positioned around said drive shaft and angularly disposed relative thereto.

Frame member I3 (Figs 5 and 6) is of double frusto-pyramidical configuration, and consists of an outer hollow part |8, and a telescoping inner part I9. Each part has four flat sides, designated I8 and I9 respectively, those of one part `being parallel with' those of the other part, and

all lying in planes parallel with the respective axes ofthe adjacent cylinders 23, as shown in Fig. 1. The pairs of flat inclined sides IS and I9'l arev aligned transversely below and opposite associated cylinders.

. Within the cylinders are pistons 25, and rods 26 pivotally connect them to crank discs 2l' integrally formed on the outer end of crank shafts 28 journaled at their inner ends in bearings 29 mounted in the recessed sides I9 of part I9 of frame' member I3. The outer ends of crank shafts 28 are supported in larger main bearings "39' mounted in removable rectangular plates 3| having bosses 32 which extend into the recessed sides I8' of part I8 of frame member I3. The sides' I8 are drilled and tapped as at 3| (Figs. 5 and 6) for suitable cap screws, not shown, by means of which the plates 3| may be secured in place.

Frame member |3 has upright columns 33 eX- tending from top to bottom, one at each of the four corners where'sides I5' meet, and which are drilled and tapped on top for threaded engagement with bolts 34 provided to secure block I5 toV frame member I3. Block i5 is cut away between the cylinders 29 to provide suitable flanges 35 through which bolts 34 pass. Columns 33 likewise serve at their opposite ends for threaded engagement with bolts 35 which secure flanges I2 and I4 together. The bolts 36 first pass through the inturned edge 3l of a cylindrical casing 38 surrounding frame member I3 and the lower edge of block I5, and forming the outer wall of an oil chamber 38 for lubricating purposes.

Each of the crank shafts 28 has a bevel gear 39 keyed .or otherwise secured to it between the bearings 29 and 39, and meshing with a -similar gear 40 keyed to the upper end of drive shaft Il directly below bearing Il. Drive shaft |l is provided with a shoulder 4| which bears against the hub of gear 49. `A nut 42 threaded to the upper end of drive shaft Il above bearing clamps lthe inner race of the bearing against the top surface of the gear 45 so that these parts will revolvetogether when the pistons are reciprocated and gears 39 are rotated. It will accordingly be noted that the transmission means shown is desirably positioned contiguous the drive shaft, or

differently stated, between said shaft and the longitudinal axes of the cylinders, which as previously mentioned, are angularly disposed relative to said shaft.

The upper end of shaft |l is square and fits into a square opening 44 in the lower end of a spindle 45 journaled to rotate in block I5 in alignment with shaft Il. The upper end of spindle 45 is of increased diameter to provide a disc 46 the lower surface of which is fiat with an annular beveled edge 4l inclined upwardly at an angle parallel with ther top wall. of cylinders 29. The said lower surface of disc 4B contacts a complementary supporting surface formed on the bottom of a circular recess 59 in the top of block |15. Disc 46 forms the bottom wall of valve 2|, the other part of which consists of a circular lid 48k that'y fits tightly along opposite portions of its lower: outer edge into a rabbet 49 (Fig. 10) formed along oppositely projecting edge portions 46 of disc 45, so that these parts will rotate together when spindle 55 is rotated by drive shaft I'I by reason of the engagement of the square end 43 of shaft il with opening 44 of the spindle. Valve 2| is thus rotatably supported on the top of block I5. within recess 59. with the top of lid 43 flush with. the top surface of block I5 and also with the lower surface .of head member I6, the adjoining cylindrical surfaces being also closely tted for` the'purpose of providing snug joints between all contiguous surfaces.

Lid 48 has a cylindrical outer wall 52 (Fig. 8) bridged across by a partition 53 dividing the interior of the valve into two compartments 54 and 55 normally functioning respectivelyas intake and exhaust passageways for operating the motor I9. The opposite outer edges of disc 46 between said projecting portions are beveled, and coinciding portions of the. inner edge of wall 52 are beveled, the said beveled surfaces being spaced apart and providing therebetween, diametrically opposite arcuate slots 5l and 5|' which afford passageways respectively between the bottom o-f recess 56 and compartments 54 and 55. It will be seen that the side walls of slots 5| and 5| are parallel, and because of their inclined walls the said slots are directed towards cylinders 20.

The opposite ends of slots 5I and 5| terminate, as shown in Figs. 8, 9 and 12, at opposite sides of the partition 53, thereby being coextensive respectively with associated compartments 54 and 55. Ports 56 in block l5 lead from the cylinders 26 to the bottom of the recess 55, and are shaped to correspond to the curvature lof cylinders 25 at one side, and at their other side to the cylindrical recess 50, best shown in Figs. 1l and I2. When Valve 2| rotates, slots 5| and 5| are brought into registration successively with ports 56. The walls of partition 53 diverge outwardly in opposite directions as shown in Figs. 8 and 12, so as to fully cover the ports 56 of diametrically opposite cylinders 29 at such time as associated pistons are at the top or bottom of their "stroke (Fig. 12). The central part of the partition 53, between its diverging ends, is arched to provide a semi-circular recess 5l coinciding with a circular port 58 through the lid 48 (Figs. 1 and 9), which is aligned with a port 59 in head member I6 leading to a transverse cylindrical opening 60 through the head member I6 within which there is mounted a rotatable reversing valve core 6| adapted to be oscillated by a handle 62 (Figs. 2 and 3). Head member I6 is provided with 'an upper terminal stem 63 suitable for the attachment'of a. hose through which pressure uid may be introduced to themotor.

Port 59 leads to an exhause port 64 in core 6|,- and port 64 leads to a transverse port 65 passing through core 6| to atmosphere.v An arcuate port B6 .is spaced from and extends partially around port 55, and has outlets 61, G3 and 69 spaced part 9i) degrees along the circumference of valve core 6|. Stem 53 has an opening 1|) therethrough leading to the cylindrical opening 6D, and head member I5 has a portv 1i leading from an annular recess 12, formed in the bottom of head member |15, to the ASaid cylindrical opening 6!) at a point spaced 90 degrees from the intersection of port S with said opening. Lid 48 has an arcuate slot L38 which corresponds in width to that of the annular recess 12, and is coextensive with compartment 54, so that the latter will always be in communication with port 1| during the rotary movement of valve 2|.

As described hereinabove, rotary distributor valve 2| is effectively positioned contiguous thecylinder heads for directly supplying to and exhausting uid from said cylinders in timed sequence. In normal operation when the apparatus is used as a motor, the fluid supplied will be of the comparatively high pressure type and that exhausted will be comparatively low pressure iiuid; however when the apparatus is used as a compressor, the comparatively high pressure fluid will be that which' is exhausted, while the fluid which is supplied is of comparatively low pressure. Disposition ofthe distributor valve is such that the ports and passages thereof are coordinated with the inlet and outlet ports of the cylinders substantially without any intervening conduits. lngth'is connection the cylinders, as a result of their angular disposition, converge toward the rotary valve so that the cylinder head ports cooperate with the appropriate ports'of the rotary valve, to thereby substantially obviate the necessity of fluid conduits therebetween, as previously stated. The positioning and arrangement of the reversing valve relative to the rotary valve distributor is adapted to maintain the general structural efficiency of the apparatus, and includes fluid ports, conduits and the like which are di- 'rectly coordinated with ports and passages of -on around to intake compartment 54 of valve 2|. .Assuming the movable parts of the motor to be in the'position shown in Fig. 1, 4, 8 and 9, fluid from the compartment 5d will pass through port 55 into the cylinder 2G at the right of Fig. l forcing the associated piston 25 downwardly as -indicated by the arrow. The rotation of the corresponding crank shaft 28, its gear 39, and the gear ed, will effect rotation of drive 'shaft |1. At the same time, the piston at the left of Fig. l

Iwillmove oppositely by reasonof the pivotal connection point of its rod being oppositely operm able on crank disc 21, and its gear 39 meshing with gear '45. Fluid in that cylinder will therefore be exhausted through its port 5t into exhaust compartment 55, now in registration therewith, `and -always in registration with port 59 through port 58'tof lid 48. When the reversing valve is in -the position shown in Fig. 1, the port then in registration with. port 59, and leading to port 65, provides `the nal outlet lexhaust passageway toatmosphere.

It will be understood that the remaining two 6 diametrically opposite pistons are pivoted totheir crank discs at intermediate points with one piston all the way up, and the other all the way down, and so that as valve 2l rotates, the projecting edge portions of disc 46, forming a portion of the lower surface or face of valve 2|v and which are directly beneath th'e opposed ends of bridge 53, will successively cover and uncoverv the various ports 56, followed by the selective registration of compartments 54 and 55 with said ports 55, whereby all the pistons will be operf ated in orderly sequence, imparting a constant speed to the drive shaft with or without the application of a work load, and which speed may be regulated to any required extent for the machining of various metals, in the manner set forth in the said copending application.

It will be noted that a pressure fluid entering or being exhausted through ports 5E, will always enter through port 'IB and finally leave through port 65, except in the instance of use of the motor as a compressor with the shaft l1 being driven by other means in an opposite direction to that indicated in Fig. 1. Under such circumstances the output would leave through port 15.

Should it be desired to reverse the motor I5, the handle 62 may be moved a quarter turn clock*- wise; as viewed in Fig. 2, away from stop 8| and into contact with stop 82. This operation will rotate the valve core 5|, changing port 69 into registration with port 1|, and outlets 51 and V59 of arcuate port 65 into registration respectively with ports 1|] and 59, the outlet 68 then being closed by thev walls surrounding the valve core 6|. The pressure fluid entering port 10 will now pass through outlet 61 into arcuate port 66 and thence through outlet 69 to port 59 which becomes an inlet instead of an exhaust port as here'- tofore. Compartment 54 will then be an exhaust instead of an inlet passageway, and compartment will be, instead, an inlet one. Should the movable motor parts be in the position shown in Fig. l, each of the pistons shown will consequently move oppositely from the forward directions indicated by the respective adjacent arrows.

Various modications within the scope of the appended claims may be made without departing from the spirit of my invention, and I do not wish to be understood as limiting myself to the exact form and construction shown, as such modications will readily suggest themselves to those skilled in the art.

I claim:

1. In a pressure uid actuated motor, the combination comprising a cylinder block havingv a central longitudinally mounted drive shaft, a plurality of cylinders substantially longitudinally positioned around said drive shaft and angularly 'disposed relative thereto, pistons reciprocable in said cylinders, transmission means contiguous said drive shaft and in operative association therewith, said pistons being coordinated with said transmission means for actuating the same,

' said transmission means being positioned between said drive shaft and the longitudinal axes of said cylinders, means for supplying pressure fluid to and exhausting the same from said cylinders and for effecting the reversal of the motor, said means comprising a cylindrical rotary valve mounted in said block for integral movement Vwith said shaft and positioned contiguous the heads of said cylinders for supplying said fluid thereto yand eX- hausting it therefrom, said valve having lports and passageways coordinated with said cylinders-for fini-,ristee operation 0i said; pister- 1s in an, andere' Sequence, and e heed member' fsrlrsaibQ-Qklhevt ing ar bore transversely therethrough, a4 reversing valve rotatably mounted in said bore. adjacent said rotary valve, said. headY member having suitable intake and eXahust ports leading through said reversing valve to and from said rotary valve, said cylinder block having cylinder ports leading directly to said rotary valve, and means. for eiecting the partial rotation of said reversing valve to cause a transposition of said intake and exhaust ports acting through the rotary valve to reverse the motor.

2,. I -n a pressure fluid actuated motor., the combination of Va cylinder block having a plurality of cylinders and pistons reciprocable therein, a cylindrical rotary valve mounted in said block contiguous the heads of the cylinders for directly supplying fluid to and exhausting the same from said cylinders, and adapted for timing the operation ofsaid lpistons in predetermined sequence, a head member mounted on said cylinder block having a bore transversely therethrough, a motor reversing valve mounted in said bore adjacent said rotars valve, said head member having intake and exhaust ports and passages leading through said reversing valve to said rotary valve, said cylinder block having cylinder ports adapted for direct coordination with said rotary valve, said reversing valve being adapted for rotation to effect Aa transposition of said intake and exhaust ports acting through the rotary Valve to reverse the motor, a bearing supporting frame member upon which said block is mounted including means adapted for supporting said motor, a central longitudinal drive shaft journaled in alignment With the axis of said rotary valve in bearings carried by said frame member at opposite ends thereof, and operatively adapted to actuate said rotary valve, a crank shaft for each piston operatively connectedfor rotation thereby, said crank shafts being journaled respectively in bearings carried by said frame member, said cylinders being substantially longitudinally positioned and angularly disposed relative to said drive shaft and said crank shafts being radially disposed around the axis of said drive shaft, driving gears respectively mounted on said crank shafts contiguous said drive shaft and commonly meshing with a gear mounted on said drive shaft, whereby a constant speed Will be imparted to the drive shaft of the motor.

3. In a pressure iluid actuated motor, the combination of a plurality of cylinders and pistons reciprocable therein, a cylindrical rotary valve mounted contiguous the heads of the cylinders for directly supplying uid to and exhausting the same from said cyliders, and adapted for timing the operation of said pistons in predetermined sequence, a head member in superimposed relationship to said rotary valve having a bore transversely therethrough, a reversing valve rotatably mounted in said bore adjacent said rotary valve, said head member having suitable intake and exhaust hurts leading through.

said reversing valve and coordinated With ports and passages in the body of said rotary valve and thence to said cylinders, said reversing valve having means for manually effecting its partial rotation to eiect a transposition of said intake and ,exhaust ports actingthrough the rotary valve to reverse the motor, the ports and passages of said rotary valve being coordinated for direct association vvith lthe ports of said cylinders, a central lsrieituflinal drive shari ioumaled in alignment flu with the` axis, of said rotary valve. and, adapted te actuate v'said' 'rotary valve, a crank "shaft foreach piston operatively connectedfto berotated'therer` by, transmission' means',I contiguous said drive shaft and in operative associationtherevvith, said transmission means being integrally associated With said crank shafts and. actuated thereby, said cylinders being diagonally disposed around the axis of said drive shaft with their4 axes converg-l ing toward said rotary valve, and said crank shafts being radially disposed around'said drive shaft axis in planes normal tothe axes of their respectivev cylinders.

4; In a pressure fluid actuated motor, the com bination of a cylinder. block having a plurality of cylinders and pistons reciprocable therein, a cylindrical rotary valve mounted in said block contiguous the heads of the cylinders for directly supplying said iluid and exhausting the same from saidcylinders,l and adapted for timing the operation of said pistons in predetermined sequence, a head member mounted on said cylinder block having a bore transversely therethrough, a'motor reversing valve mounted in said bore adjacent said rotaryvalve, said head member having intake and exhaust ports leading through said reversing valve and coordinated with ports and passage-s in the body of said roftary valve, said cylinder block having cylinder ports leading from said cylinders directly'tosaid rotary valve, said reversing valve having means for effecting its rotation to cause a transposition of said intake and exhaust ports acting through the rotary valve to 4reverse the motor, the ports and passages of said rotary valve being coordinated for direct association with said cylinder ports, a bearing supportin'g'frame member upon which said block is mounted including means adaptable for supporting said motor, aY central longitudinal drive shaft journaled in alignment with the axis of said rotary valve in bearings carried by said frame member at opposite ends thereof, said rotary valve being adapted for actuation by and integrally with said drive shaft,

a crank shaft for each piston operatively connected to be rotated thereby, transmission means contiguous said drive shaft and adapted to actuate the same, said transmission means being integrally associated with and actuated by said crank shafts, the latter being journaled respectively in bearings carried by said frame member, said cylinders being diagonally disposed around the axis of said drive shaft With their axes convergingtoward said rotary valve, and said crank shafts being radially disposed around said drive shaft axis in planes normal to the axes of their respective cylinders.

5. In a pressure fluid actuated motor or compressor, the combination of a Vplurality of cylinders and pistons reciprocable therein, a cylindricalrotary valve mounted inv direct 'contiguity to the heads of the cylinders and having fluid supply and exhaust poris'and'passages for directly supplying said fluidto and exhausting the same from correlated parts of said cylinders, arid adapted for timing the operation of said pistons in predetermined sequence, a head member' having suitable intake and exhaust ports coordinated With said rotary valve, a central longitudinal drive shaft Vjournaled in alignment With and prolongation yof the axis of said rotary valve l"and adapted to actuate the same, a crank shaft vfor each piston operatively connected to be Vrotated thereby when @verging as ,a meer an@ foil actuating 9 the respective pistons 'when operating asa compresser, `transmission means integrally attached .to Said crank shafts andcontiguously positioned ytoward said rotary valve, and said crank shafts gbeing' vradially disposed around said drive shaft axis inl planes normal to the axes of their respective cylinders.

6. 'In apressure iiuid actuated motor or compressor, the combination comprising a longitudinally mounted drive shaft, a plurality of cylinders substantially longitudinally positioned around said drive shaft and angularly disposed relative thereto, pistons reciprocable in said cylinders, transmission means positioned between the longitudinal axes of said cylinders and said shaft in operative association with the latter, said pistons being coordinated with said transmission means for actuating the same when functioning as a motor and for being actuated thereby when functioning as a compressor, means for supplying fluid to and exhausting the same from said cylinders comprising a rotary valve mounted for integral movement with said shaft, said rotary valve being positioned contiguous the heads of said cylinders for directly supplying and exhausting fluid thereto and therefrom in timed sequence.

7. In a pressure fluid actuated motor or compressor, the combination comprising a cylinder block having a central longitudinally mounted drive shaft, a plurality of cylinders substantially longitudinally positioned around said drive shaft and angularly disposed relative thereto, pistons reciprocable in said cylinders, a gear type transmission means positioned between the longitudinal axes of said cylinders and said shaft in operative association with the latter, said pistons being adapted for actuating said shaft through said transmission means when the combination functions as a motor and for being actuated by said shaft when functioning as a compressor, means for conducting high and low pressure uids to and from said cylinders comprising a cylindrical rotary valve mounted in said block for integral movement with and actuation by said shaft and positioned in direct contiguit'y with the heads of said cylinders for directly supplying and exhausting said uid from the cylinders, said valve having ports and passageways coordinated with said cylinders for timing the operation of said pistons in predetermined sequence.

8. In a pressure uid motor or compressor, the combination comprising a plurality of cylinders and'pistons reciprocable therein, a rotary valve for timing the operation of said pistons in predetermined sequence, said valve being contiguous the cylinder heads and having uid supply and exhaust port-s and passages for directly conducting high and lower pressure fluids to and from said cylinders, a longitudinal drive shaft integrally attached to said rotary valve for actuating the same, said cylinders being substantially longitudinally positioned about said drive shaft and angularly disposed relative thereto, a crank shaft connected to each piston and operatively associated with said drive shaft for actuating said shaft when functioning as a motor and for being actuated by said shaft when functioning as a compressor, said crank shafts being substantially radially disposed around said drive shaft in planes substantially perpendicular to the axes of their respective cylinders. Y

9. In a pressure fluid motor or compressor, the combination comprising a plurality of cylinders and pistons reciprocable therein, a rotary valve for timing the operation of said pistons in predetermined sequencasaid valve beingcontiguous the cylinder heads and having fluid supply and exhaust ports and passagesfor directly supplying fluid to and exhausting the'same from said cylinders, a longitudinal drive shaft integrally attached to said rotary valve for actuating the same, said cylinders being substantially longitudinally positioned about..said drive shaft and angularly disposed relative thereto, a crank shaft connected to each piston and operatively associated with said drive shaft for actuating said shaft when functioning as a motor and for being actuated by said shaft when functioning as a compressor, said crank shafts being substantially radially disposed around said drive shaft in planes substantially perpendicular to the axes of their respective cylinders, and a reversing valve for controlling the direction of rotation of said drive shaft when the combination operates as a motor and determining the outlet as a compressor, said reversing valve comprising a head member contiguous the rotary valve and having ports and passages for conducting high and low pressure fluids to and from said rotary valve.

10, In a pressure fluid actuated motor or compressor, the combination comprising a drive shaft, a plurality of cylinders substantially longitudinally positioned around said drive shaft, pistons reciprocable in said cylinders, means for conducting high and low pressureluids to and from said cylinders comprising a rotary valve mounted for integral movement with and actuation by said shaft, said cylinders being angularly disposed relative to said shaft and converging toward said rotary valve, said valve being positioned con-l tiguous the cylinders and having ports and passages coordinated with the inlet and outlet ports of said cylinders substantially without intervening conduits, and transmission means positioned between said drive shaft and the longitudinal axes of said cylinders in operative association with said shaft and said pistons, said pistons being adapted for actuating said shaft through said transmission meansl when the combination functions as a motor and for being actuated by said shaft when functioning as a compressor.

11. In a pressure iiuid actuated motor or cornpressor, the combination comprising a drive shaft, Y

a plurality of cylinders substantially longitudinally positioned aro-und said drive shaft, pistons reciprocable in said cylinders, means for conducting high and low pressure fluids to and from said cylinders comprising a rotary valve mounted for integral movement with and actuation by said shaft, said cylinders being angularly disposed relative to said shaft and converging toward said rotary valve, said valve being positioned con-` tiguous the cylinders and having ports and passages coordinated With the inlet and outlet ports of said cylinders substantially without intervening conduits, transmission means positioned between said drive shaft and the longitudinal axes of said cylinders in operative association with said shaft and said pistons, said pistons being adapted for actuating said shaft through said transmission means when the combination functions as a motor and for being actuated by said shaft when functioning as a compressor, and a reversing valve coordinated with said rotary valve Afle f Ythis patent:

UNTTED STATES PATENTS Number 199,973 424,183 1,304,921 1.90369 2,350,337 r176,336 v633,192 Y 666,690 l2,246,074 `2,192,536 2,292,125 1,996,789

,116mb reb. ,5, 18:16 Dennisetal. Mar.,25, 1399 ,'Ellyson -fn/13.3711,'12, 1931 Maiigand NQv. 29119014 H'avlsfy Sept. 19, v189.9 Pflkls Jn, 29,1901 J o'yl Jni; 17,1541 

